OPenHarmony应用开发之网络请求我不允许你不会

效果图

11-24 16:26:22.005 25156-25156/com.example.httpsrequest E A0ff00/HTTPS: 请求状态 --> 200, %{public}s
11-24 16:26:22.006 25156-25156/com.example.httpsrequest E A0ff00/HTTPS: 请求成功, %{public}s
11-24 16:26:22.006 25156-25156/com.example.httpsrequest E A0ff00/HTTPS: 请求返回数据, "{\"ret\":1,\"data\":[{\"id\":\"8289\",\"title\":\"\\u6cb9\\u7116\\u5927\\u867e\",\"pic\":\"http:\\/\\/www.qubaobei.com\\/ios\\/cf\\/uploadfile\\/132\\/9\\/8289.jpg\",\"collect_num\":\"1670\",\"food_str\":\"\\u5927\\u867e \\u8471 \\u751f\\u59dc \\u690d\\u7269\\u6cb9 \\u6599\\u9152\",\"num\":1670},{\"id\":\"2127\",\"title\":\"\\u56db\\u5ddd\\u56de\\u9505\\u8089\",\"pic\":\"http:\\/\\/www.qubaobei.com\\/ios\\/cf\\/uploadfile\\/132\\/3\\/2127.jpg\",\"collect_num\":\"1592\",\"food_str\":\"\\u732a\\u8089 \\u9752\\u849c \\u9752\\u6912 \\u7ea2\\u6912 \\u59dc\\u7247\",\"num\":1592},{\"id\":\"30630\",\"title\":\"\\u8d85\\u7b80\\u5355\\u8292\\u679c\\u5e03\\u4e01\",\"pic\":\"http:\\/\\/www.qubaobei.com\\/ios\\/cf\\/uploadfile\\/132\\/31\\/30630.jpg\",\"collect_num\":\"1552\",\"food_str\":\"QQ\\u7cd6 \\u725b\\u5976 \\u8292\\u679c\",\"num\":1552},{\"id\":\"9073\",\"title\":\"\\u5bb6\\u5e38\\u7ea2\\u70e7\\u9c7c\",\"pic\":\"http:\\/\\/www.qubaobei.com\\/ios\\/cf\\/uploadfile\\/132\\/10\\/9073.jpg\",\"co

具体实现：

添加网络访问权限 ：

在module.json5 里面添加网络访问权限

"requestPermissions": [
  {
    "name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET"
  }
]

创建HTTPS请求

HTTPS协议是位于应用层的一种安全传输协议，与HTTP最大的区别是服务端与客户端之间进行数据传输都会经过TLS/SSL加密。该示例请求测试接口地址，并将请求得到的再日志里面打印出来。效果如图所示：

请求工具类

首先在OkHttpUtil.ets中调用createHttp方法创建一个请求任务，再通过request方法发起网络请求。该方法支持三个参数：url、options以及callback回调，其中options可以设置请求方法、请求头以及超时时间等。

​
​
import http from '@ohos.net.http';
import Constants, { ContentType } from '../constant/Constants';
import Logger from './Logger';
import { NewsData } from '../viewmodel/NewsData';
​
​
export function httpRequestGet(url: string) {
  return httpRequest(url, http.RequestMethod.GET);
}
​
export function httpRequestPost(url: string, params?: NewsData) {
  return httpRequest(url, http.RequestMethod.POST, params);
}
​
function httpRequest(url: string, method: http.RequestMethod,params?: NewsData){
  let httpRequest = http.createHttp();
  let responseResult = httpRequest.request(url, {
    method: method,
    readTimeout: Constants.HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT,//读取超时时间 可选，默认为60000ms
    header: {
      'Content-Type': ContentType.JSON
    },
    connectTimeout: Constants.HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT,//连接超时时间  可选，默认为60000ms
    extraData: params // 请求参数
  });
  return responseResult.then((value: http.HttpResponse)=>{
      Logger.error("请求状态 --> "+value.responseCode)
     if(value.responseCode===200){
       Logger.error("请求成功");
       let getresult = value.result;
       Logger.error('请求返回数据', JSON.stringify(getresult));
       return getresult;
     }
  }).catch((err)=>{
    return "";
  });
}

日志工具类

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
​
import hilog from '@ohos.hilog';
​
class Logger {
  private domain: number;
  private prefix: string;
  private format: string = '%{public}s, %{public}s';
​
  /**
   * constructor.
   *
   * @param Prefix Identifies the log tag.
   * @param domain Domain Indicates the service domain, which is a hexadecimal integer ranging from 0x0 to 0xFFFFF.
   */
  constructor(prefix: string = 'MyApp', domain: number = 0xFF00) {
    this.prefix = prefix;
    this.domain = domain;
  }
​
  debug(...args: string[]): void {
    hilog.debug(this.domain, this.prefix, this.format, args);
  }
​
  info(...args: string[]): void {
    hilog.info(this.domain, this.prefix, this.format, args);
  }
​
  warn(...args: string[]): void {
    hilog.warn(this.domain, this.prefix, this.format, args);
  }
​
  error(...args: string[]): void {
    hilog.error(this.domain, this.prefix, this.format, args);
  }
}
​
export default new Logger('HTTPS', 0xFF00)

然后在view中展示去点击触发请求

​
​
import webView from '@ohos.web.webview';
import http from '@ohos.net.http';
import httpGet from '../common/utils/HttpUtil';
import StyleConstant from '../common/constant/StyleConstant';
import CommonConstant from '../common/constant/CommonConstants';
import { httpRequestGet }  from '../common/utils/OKhttpUtil';
​
@Entry
@Component
struct WebPage {
  controller: webView.WebviewController = new webView.WebviewController();
  @State buttonName: Resource = $r('app.string.request_button_name');
  @State webVisibility: Visibility = Visibility.Hidden;
  @State webSrc: string = CommonConstant.DISH;
​
  build() {
    Column() {
      Row() {
        Image($r('app.media.ic_network_global'))
          .height($r('app.float.image_height'))
          .width($r('app.float.image_width'))
        TextInput({ placeholder: $r('app.string.input_address'), text: this.webSrc })
          .height($r('app.float.text_input_height'))
          .layoutWeight(1)
          .backgroundColor(Color.White)
          .onChange((value: string) => {
            this.webSrc = value;
          })
      }
      .margin({
        top: $r('app.float.default_margin'),
        left: $r('app.float.default_margin'),
        right: $r('app.float.default_margin')
      })
      .height($r('app.float.default_row_height'))
      .backgroundColor(Color.White)
      .borderRadius($r('app.float.border_radius'))
      .padding({
        left: $r('app.float.default_padding'),
        right: $r('app.float.default_padding')
      })
      Row() {
        Web({ src: this.webSrc, controller: this.controller })
          .zoomAccess(true)
          .height(StyleConstant.FULL_HEIGHT)
          .width(StyleConstant.FULL_WIDTH)
      }
      .visibility(this.webVisibility)
      .height(StyleConstant.WEB_HEIGHT)
      .width(StyleConstant.FULL_WIDTH)
      .align(Alignment.Top)
      Row() {
        Button(this.buttonName)
          .fontSize($r('app.float.button_font_size'))
          .width(StyleConstant.BUTTON_WIDTH)
          .height($r('app.float.button_height'))
          .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
          .onClick(() => {
            this.onRequest();
​
          })
      }
      .height($r('app.float.default_row_height'))
    }
    .width(StyleConstant.FULL_WIDTH)
    .height(StyleConstant.FULL_HEIGHT)
    .backgroundImage($r('app.media.ic_background_image', ImageRepeat.NoRepeat))
    .backgroundImageSize(ImageSize.Cover)
  }
​
  async onRequest() {
    httpRequestGet(CommonConstant.DISH).then((data)=>{
      console.log("data --- > "+data);
    });
​
  }
}

分析模块源码可知，通过request方法建立请求后，模块底层首先会调用三方库libcurl中的curl_easy_init初始化一个简单会话。初始化完成后，接着调用curl_easy_setopt方法设置传输选项。其中CURLOPT_URL用于设置请求的URL地址，对应request中的url参数；CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION可以设置一个回调，保存接收的数据；CURLOPT_HEADERDATA支持设置回调，在回调中保存响应头数据。

传输选项设置成功后，调用curl_multi_perform执行传输请求，并通过curl_multi_info_read查询处理句柄是否有消息返回，最后进入HandleCurlData方法处理返回数据。

最后总结

OpenHarmony里面网络请求也比较简单 基本用法我上面的代码有展示了写法基本和前端的js很像 有兴趣的有同学可以深入去研究官网里面提到TLS和SSL 握手过程 我这里就不展开分析了最后呢 希望我都文章能帮助到各位同学工作和学习 如果你觉得文章还不错麻烦给我三连 关注点赞和转发 谢谢