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标题: 实现OpenHarmony简单的Http客户端 [打印本页]

作者: 深开鸿_王石 时间: 2023-12-21 10:16
标题: 实现OpenHarmony简单的Http客户端
[md]#### 概述

* **HTTP 是一个基于 TCP/IP 通信协议来传递数据（HTML 文件、图片文件、查询结果等）；**
* **HTTP是一个属于应用层的面向对象的协议，由于其简捷、快速的方式，适用于分布式超媒体信息系统。它于1990年提出，经过几年的使用与发展，得到不断地完善和扩展。目前在WWW中使用的是HTTP/1.0的第六版，HTTP/1.1的规范化工作正在进行之中，而且HTTP-NG(Next Generation of HTTP)的建议已经提出；**
* **HTTP协议工作于客户端-服务端架构为上。浏览器作为HTTP客户端通过URL向HTTP服务端即WEB服务器发送所有请求。Web服务器根据接收到的请求后，向客户端发送响应信息；**

#### HTTP请求消息Request

* **请求数据结构如下**

  ![image.png](https://forums-obs.openharmony.c ... 9j9kgkrebrkwezo.png "image.png")
* **一个Get的sample**

**在浏览器输入**[www.baidu.com](www.baidu.com)然后回车即可看到浏览器显示了百度的页面，按F12可以看到具体内容：

![image.png](https://forums-obs.openharmony.c ... 55ntre4cn2fi2w2.png "image.png")

**上图里我们可以看到在请求的url是**[www.baidu.com](www.baidu.com)，请求的方法是GET，服务器的IP地址是180.101.49.14:443(https,若是http就是80)

* **一个Post的sample**

  ![image.png](https://forums-obs.openharmony.c ... kp7aaacirrqppko.png "image.png")

  **上图里我们可以看到在请求的url是**[https://cysz.hopethink.com/qhhsd/app/getH5HsdList](https://cysz.hopethink.com/qhhsd/app/getH5HsdList)，请求的方法是POST，服务器的IP地址是114.215.124.251:443(https,若是http就是80)，请求内容类型application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8，请求数据长度84，请求数据

**此样例参考小熊派设计，使用小熊派HM\_Micro开发板进行验证**

#### 应用开发流程

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1. **建立Build.gn**
```
import("//build/lite/config/component/lite_component.gni")

executable("hello_world_lib") {
output_name = "hello_world"
sources = [ "hello_world.c" ]
include_dirs = []
defines = []
cflags_c = []
ldflags = []
}

lite_component("my_app") {
features = [
":hello_world_lib",
   ]
}
```
2. **建立helloworld.c**
```
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
printf("\n************************************************\n");
printf("\n\t\tHello httpget!\n");
printf("\n************************************************\n\n");

return 0;
}
```
3. **添加httpget**
```
int sockfd, ret, i, h;
struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
char str1[BUF_SIZE], str2[BUF_SIZE], buf[BUF_SIZE], *str;
socklen_t len;
fd_set t_set1;
struct timeval tv;

//创建套接字
if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0 ) {
printf("create socket failed--- exit(0)!\n");
exit(0);
};

bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if (inet_pton(AF_INET, IPSTR_GET, &servaddr.sin_addr) <= 0 ){
printf("inet_pton failed --- exit(0)!\n");
exit(0);
};

if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0){
printf("connect failed, exit(0)!\n");
exit(0);
}
printf("connect remote server\n");
memset(str2, 0, BUF_SIZE);
strcat(str2, "theDataToGet");
str=(char *)malloc(BUF_SIZE);
len = strlen(str2);
sprintf(str, "%d", len);
//请求头部内容
memset(str1, 0, BUF_SIZE);
strcat(str1, "GET / HTTP/1.1\n");
strcat(str1, "Host: www.baidu.com\n");
strcat(str1, "Content-Type: text/html\n");
strcat(str1, "Content-Length: ");
strcat(str1, str);
//请求空行
strcat(str1, "\n\n");
//请求参数
strcat(str1, str2);
strcat(str1, "\r\n\r\n");
printf("%s\n",str1);

ret = write(sockfd,str1,strlen(str1));
if (ret < 0) {
printf("socket write failed! errcode%d，errmsg'%s'\n",errno, strerror(errno));
exit(0);
}else{
printf("socket write %d bytes!\n\n", ret);
}

FD_ZERO(&t_set1);
FD_SET(sockfd, &t_set1);

while(1) {
sleep(2);
h = 0;
h = select(sockfd +1, &t_set1, NULL, NULL, &tv);
if (h < 0) {
close(sockfd);
printf("SELECT error, return -1!\n");
return -1;
   };

if (h > 0){
memset(buf, 0, BUF_SIZE);
i= read(sockfd, buf, BUF_SIZE);
if (i==0){
close(sockfd);
printf("read 0, return -1!\n");
return -1;
   }

printf("%s\n", buf);
   }
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
```
4. **httppost**
```
int sockfd, ret, i, h;
struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
char str1[BUF_SIZE], str2[BUF_SIZE], buf[BUF_SIZE], *str;
socklen_t len;
fd_set t_set1;
struct timeval tv;

if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0 ) {
printf("create sockt failed---exit(0)!\n");
exit(0);
};

bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if (inet_pton(AF_INET, IPSTR_POST, &servaddr.sin_addr) <= 0 ){
printf("inet_pton failed---exit(0)!\n");
exit(0);
};

if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0){
printf("connect server failed, exit(0)!\n");
exit(0);
}
printf("connect to server\n");

memset(str2, 0, BUF_SIZE);
strcat(str2, "keyword=&streetId=&pageNum=1&pageSize=1&ip=222.95.30.84");
str=(char *)malloc(BUF_SIZE);
len = strlen(str2);
sprintf(str, "%d", len);
//请求头部内容
memset(str1, 0, BUF_SIZE);
strcat(str1, "POST /qhhsd/app/getH5HsdList HTTP/1.1\n");
strcat(str1, "Host: cysz.hopethink.com\n");
strcat(str1, "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\n");
strcat(str1, "Content-Length: ");
strcat(str1, str);
//请求空行
strcat(str1, "\n\n");
//str2的值为post的数据
strcat(str1, str2);
strcat(str1, "\r\n\r\n");
printf("%s\n",str1);

ret = write(sockfd,str1,strlen(str1));
if (ret < 0) {
printf("socket write failed! errcode%d, errmsg'%s'\n",errno, strerror(errno));
exit(0);
}else{
   printf("socket write %d bytes\n\n", ret);
}

FD_ZERO(&t_set1);
FD_SET(sockfd, &t_set1);

tv.tv_sec= 0;
tv.tv_usec= 0;
h= 0;

while(1) {
sleep(2);
h = select(sockfd +1, &t_set1, NULL, NULL, &tv);
if (h == -1) {
close(sockfd);
printf("select error, return -1\n");
return -1;
   };
if ( FD_ISSET(sockfd, &t_set1) ){
memset(buf, 0, BUF_SIZE);
i= read(sockfd, buf, BUF_SIZE);
if (i==0){
close(sockfd);
printf("read 0, return -1!\n");
return -1;
   }
      printf("%s\n", buf);
   }
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
```
5. **在main里增加方法和头文件**
* **头文件**
   ```

   #include <stdio.h>
   #include <sys/socket.h>
   #include <sys/types.h>
   #include <time.h>
   #include <errno.h>
   #include <signal.h>
   #include <stdlib.h>
   #include <string.h>
   #include <unistd.h>
   #include <sys/wait.h>
   #include <sys/time.h>
   #include <netinet/in.h>
   #include <arpa/inet.h>

   #define IPSTR_GET "180.101.49.14" //服务器IP地址,上面查出来的;
   #define IPSTR_POST "114.215.124.251"

   #define PORT 80
   #define BUF_SIZE 4096
   ```
* **方法**
   ```
   httpget();
   httppost();
   ```
6. **测试结果**
1. **Get测试结果**

   ![image.png](https://forums-obs.openharmony.c ... moetqqpmsfupz91.png "image.png")
2. **Post测试结果**

   ![image.png](https://forums-obs.openharmony.c ... ws5b6eskg3fgebl.png "image.png")

#### 总结

1. **http是建立在socket之上的数据结构化应用协议，可以通过拼socket包实现所有功能；**
2. **之后我们可以利用此接口实现一个核算地图的界面应用；**

**参考链接：**

[https://gitee.com/bearpi/bearpi-hm\_micro\_app/blob/master/README.md](https://gitee.com/bearpi/bearpi- ... ob/master/README.md)
[/md]

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